A form of skin inflammation around the penis in males with reiters syndrome. It is rarely seen as the only preceding manifestation of reactive arthritis. Balanitis is swelling of the foreskin and head of the penis. Nov 28, 2018 balanitis is inflammation of the glans penis 1 and is a common condition affecting an estimated 311% of males. Study on various types of infections related to balanitis academic. Behcets disease is a systemic vasculitis of unknown aetiology characteristically affecting venules.
Onset is typically in young adults with recurrent oral and genital ulceration, uveitis, skin manifestations, arthritis, neurological involvement, and a tendency to thrombosis. Bakardzhiev i, pehlivanov g, kavaklieva s, balabanova m, gonevski m. Balanitis is an inflammation of the head and foreskin of the penis. These are men who have a foreskin, which is the hood of soft skin that partially covers the head of the penis.
This website is intended for pathologists and laboratory personnel, who understand that medical information is imperfect and must be interpreted using reasonable medical judgment. Five patients had more than five pus cells seen in a high power field of an urethral smear which is usually taken as evidence of urethritis. Balanitis in children usually arises from an infection of the smegma on the basis of a phimosis or nonretractile. Psoriasis limited to the glans penis is a rare presentation. This case highlights a rare situation where sara presented with circinate balanitis as the predominant feature. The circinate lesions on the skin of our patient appear to be a. European guideline for the management of balanoposthitis. Initial treatment in adults often involves simply pulling back the foreskin and cleaning the penis. Balanitis circumscripta plasmacellularis michael b.
A balanitis is an infectious or noninfectious inflammation of the glans penis and the prepuce. Balanitis can also develop as a complication of certain sexually transmitted diseases. Balanitis is most often caused by poor hygiene in uncircumcised men. Patient was treated for circinate balanitis with pimecrolimus. Your health care provider may diagnose the problem with only an exam. Fig 1 histopathology ofbalanitis circinata bylight microscopy. Balanitis circinata also known as circinate balanitis is a skin condition of reactive arthritis comprising a serpiginous ringshaped dermatitis of the glans penis.
Clinical and histopathological presentation of pustular. Recognition of both circinate balanitis and urethritis enabled treatment of this patient with a course of doxycycline and appropriate referral to a rheumatologist for arthritis assessment and management. The status of this disease and its relationship to similar disorders are discussed. Dermatopathology reference describes zoons balanitis histopathology including histologic features and provides links to additional medical references. Balanitis definition of balanitis by medical dictionary.
The circinate lesions on the skin of our patient appear to be a cutaneous counterpart of circinate balanitis. The shaft of the penis, scrotum, adjacent inguinal regions and stump of the thigh were occupied by an erythematopapular confluent eruption with a gray adherent crusts. Original article the surgical treatment of balanitis xerotica. Penile lesions from six patients with balanitis circinata were examined with the light. Candidal balanitis bccdc clinical prevention services reproductive health sti decision support tool noncertified practice candidal balanitis december 2014 candidal balanitis definition balanitis refers to inflammation of the glans. Circinate balanitis definition of circinate balanitis by. Circinate balanitis is associated with reiters sydrome but no biopsy specimen had histological features to suggest this diagnosis and no patient had arthritis or conjunctivitis. Common skin disorders of the penis buechner 2002 bju. This balanitis does not respond to routine topical antifungals, steroid creams and systemic antifungals. Circinate balanitis painless and superficial erosions of the glans penis commonly occur.
Generalized circinate cutaneous lesions simulating. Nov 28, 2018 diabetes is the most common underlying condition associated with adult balanitis. Pdf penile lesions from six patients with balanitis circinata were. Request pdf circinate balanitis a 37yearold man presented to the emergency department with a 7day history of genital lesions. Pseudoepitheliomatous keratotic and micaceous balanitis. There were no mucosal lesions, nail changes and other pathology from the. For the remainder of this discussion, we will refer to both conditions using the term balanitis. However, you may need skin tests for viruses, fungi, or bacteria.
The glans is the final portion of the corpus spongiosum, which is the smallest of the three columns of erectile tissue in the penis the other two are the corpora cavernosa, which are two parallel structures located at. It is difficult to treat but i have had some caucasian patients that have responded to phototherapy for this condition. Diabetes is the most common underlying condition associated with adult balanitis. It is a relatively benign treatment so it is worth a trial. In balanitis, the head and foreskin become red and inflamed. Morbidity is associated with the complications of phimosis. In all cases circumcision was done and histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of pcb. Circinate balanitis as alone preceding presentation. The surgical treatment of balanitis xerotica obliterans exact aetiology is still poorly understood it is thought that it could be genetically determined and there is evidence to suggest a higher incidence of autoimmune diseases amongst patients with bxo. Assoc prof patrick emanuel, dermatopathologist, auckland, new zealand, 20. Treatments for balanitis circinata answers on healthtap. The treatment of choice for plasma cell balanitis is circumcision. The condition often occurs due to the fungus candida albicans, the same organism that causes vaginal.
There were white plaques of circinate balanitis on the penis and macules and vesicles of keratoderma blennorrhagicum on both soles and multiple small erythemas with scales, crusts, and pustules over the whole body. Objectives to describe the experience in a genitourinary clinic of lone circinate balanitis and genital keratoderma. Clinically, plasma cell balanitis may be confused with an erythroplasia of queyrat scc in situ, but a case of penile carcinoma preceded by zoons balanitis has been reported. Balanitis circumscripta plasmacellularis sciencedirect. Itching, burning and at times some drainage of the penis.
The accurate medical term for a lesion involving glans and prepuce is balanoposthitis. Doctor answers on symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and more. Mar 16, 2020 webpathology is a free educational resource with 10287 high quality pathology images of benign and malignant neoplasms and related entities. Plasma cell vulvitis is most commonly found on the inside of the vulva at the entrance to the vagina vestibule or introitus. There were no bleeding points on removal of the crust and no pus, a. It may be associated with other features of reiters syndrome but can occur without. Again, these figures maywell be an underestimate since the lesions reappear at different timesandcausenosymptoms. The histopathology is characteristic showing a band.
Zoon balanitis vulvitis is also known as plasma cell balanitis vulvitis plasma cell disorders usually present as persistent, welldefined irritable red patches on the genitals. The most common cause of balanitis is candida albicans. Circinate pustular psoriasis localized to glans penis. Jul 31, 20 dermatopathology reference describes zoons balanitis histopathology including histologic features and provides links to additional medical references. Penile lesions from six patients with balanitis circinata were examined with the light and electron microscopes. This inflammation around the penis can be helped by cortisone creams such as topicort. Read more about symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, complications, causes and prognosis. Herein we report 8 cases of pcb, presenting with a characteristic clinical picture of the disease. Zoons balanitis histopathology loma linda dermatopathology. In common usage, balanitis and balanoposthitis are interchangeable, although balanoposthitis occurs only in uncircumcised males.
The glans is the final portion of the corpus spongiosum, which is the smallest of the three columns of erectile tissue in the penis the other two are the corpora cavernosa, which are two parallel structures located at the top of this. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 4. It has a worldwide distribution but is prevalent in japan, the middle east, and some mediterranean countries. The histopathological features were conforming to that of circinate balanitis e. Webpathology is a free educational resource with 10287 high quality pathology images of benign and malignant neoplasms and related entities. Definition of circinate balanitis in the medical dictionary by the free dictionary. Histopathological findings of the erythema were compatible with pustular psoriasis. Pdf ultrahistology of balanitis circinata researchgate.
Reiters syndrome is characterized by an episode of peripheral arthritis of not more than 1 months duration associated with urethritis. In a study of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, treatment with dapagliflozin 2. Circinate balanitis the commonest mucocutaneous manifestation of sexually acquired reiters syndrome, circinate balanitis occurs in 2040% of cases. Mi a patient is presented with a recalcitrant penile lesion which demonstrated the clinical and histologic features of the balanitis originally described by zoon. A 37yearold man presented with genital lesions, weight loss, and back pain, preceded 2 months earlier by. Balanitis balanitis is inflammation of the glans penis, which is the final part of the penis. Based on the above clinical and histopathological findings, diagnosis of reactive arthritis was made. The interesting finding in our patient was the presence of circinate balanitis as the preceding feature, which has been rarely reported to the best of our knowledge. Circinate balanitis as the presenting symptom of sexually. The skin around the shaft and tip glans penis can become inflamed and scale. Circinate balanitis is one of the most common cutaneous manifestation of reactive arthritis. Urethral smear was positive for chlamydia on polymerase chain reaction. Balanitis maypresent withasmall opaquevesicle of2 mmto 3 mmin diameter, but mayrupture to.
Since black skin contains a spf of about 12 the dose of the light would need to be adjusted. We present two patients with penile involvement and absence of. Psoriasis vulgaris is a chronic, multisystem, genetic, noncontagious inflammatory disorder. Circinate pustular psoriasis localized to glans penis mimicking circinate balanitis and responsive to dapsone nidhi singh, devinder mohan thappa department of dermatology and std, jawaharlal institute of postgraduate medical education and research jipmer, pondicherry, india. Usually the circinate variant of pustular psoriasis is generalized, but in our case it was localized to the glans penis. Circinate balanitis also known as balanitis circinata is a serpiginous annular dermatitis associated with reactive arthritis. Balanitis, or inflammation of the glans penis, and posthitis, or infection of the foreskin, result from the retention of secretions and bacteria beneath the foreskin and can be prevented with proper hygiene. Aug 14, 2002 the histopathology is characteristic showing a band. Circinate balanitis may occur a few weeks before the other symptoms. However, balanitis circinata can also occur independently.
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